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µÎ°³°ñ ºÀÇÕºÎÀÇ Ãʱâ ÇüŹ߻ý°úÁ¤¿¡¼­ Msx À¯ÀüÀÚµéÀÇ ¹ßÇö¾ç»ó

THE EXPRESSION OF MSX GENES DURING EARLY CRANIAL SUTURE EMBRYOGENESIS

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Abstract

µÎ°³°ñÀÇ ¼ºÀåÀº ³úÀÇ ¹ß´Þ°ú ¹ÐÁ¢ÇÏ°Ô ¿¬°üµÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, µÎ°³ºÀÇպΠÁÖÀ§ ¿©·¯ Á¶Á÷µé»çÀÌÀÇ Á¶È­·Î¿î »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ëÀ» ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÑ´Ù. µÎ°³°ñÀÇ Á¶±âÀ¶ÇÕÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø craniosynostosis´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ëÀÇ ºÒ±ÕÇüÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ ¾ß±âµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, craniosynostosisÀÇ ¿øÀÎ À¯ÀüÀÚÀÇ Çϳª·Î Msx2°¡ ÀÏ·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. Msx1, Msx2, Msx3·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â Msx¿îÀüÀÚ´Â homeobox¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â Àü»çÁ¶ÀýÀÎÀÚ·Î, ÃÊÆĸ®ÀÇ muscle segment homeobox À¯ÀüÀÚÀÇ homologueÀÌ´Ù. Msx1°ú Msx2 À¯ÀüÀÚµéÀº ôÃßµ¿¹°ÀÇ ¹ß»ý°úÁ¤¿¡¼­ Á¶Á÷ »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ´Â ¿©·¯ ºÎÀ§¿¡ ¼­·Î °ãÄ¡´Â ¾ç»óÀ¸·Î ¹ßÇöµÇ¸ç ±â°üÇü¼ºµ¿¾È »óÇÇ-°£¿±Á¶Á÷ »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ë°ú ¿¬°üµÇ¾î ³ªÅ¸³ª°í, BMP¿Í FGF signalingÀÇ Ç¥Àû À¯ÀüÀÚµéÀÌ´Ù.
Mouse µÎ°³°ñÀÇ ½Ã»óºÀÇÕºÎ¿Í °ü»óºÀÇÕºÎÀÇ Ãʱâ ÇüŹ߻ý°úÁ¤¿¡¼­ÀÇ Msx À¯ÀüÀÚµéÀÇ ±â´ÉÀ» ¾Ë¾Æº¸±âÀ§ÇØ, Å»ý 15ÀÏ¿¡¼­ Å»ý 18ÀϱîÁöÀÇ MouseÀÇ µÎ°³°ñÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© in vivo ½ÇÇèÀ», Å»ý 15.5ÀÏ mouse µÎ°³°ñÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© in vitro ½ÇÇèÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù. ½Ã»óµÎ°³ºÀÇպο¡¼­´Â, Msx1Àº ºÀÇÕºÎÀÇ °£¿±Á¶Á÷°ú dura mater¿¡ ¹ßÇöÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, Msx2´Â µÎ°³ºÀÇÕºÎ¿Í dura mater¿¡ °­ÇÏ°Ô ¹ßÇöµÇ¾ú´Ù. °ü»óµÎ°³ºÀÇպο¡¼­´Â Msx1, Msx2 À¯ÀüÀÚ ¸ðµÎ °­ÇÏ°Ô ¹ßÇöµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, °ñ¸·¿¡¼­µµ °üÂûÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú°í, Msx1ÀÌ Msx2º¸´Ù Á»´õ ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÏ°Ô ¹ßÇöµÇ¾ú´Ù. In vitro ½ÇÇè°á°ú, BMP2 bead ÁÖÀ§·Î Msx1 mRNA¿Í Msx2 mRNA ¸ðµÎ ¹ßÇöµÇ¾úÀ¸³ª, FGF2 bead ÁÖÀ§·Î´Â Msx1¸¸ ¹ßÇöµÇ°í Msx2´Â °üÂûµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
ÀÌ °á°úµéÀ» Á¾ÇÕÇØ º¼ ¶§, Msx1, Msx2 À¯ÀüÀÚµéÀº Å»ý±â µÎ°³ºÀÇÕºÎÀÇ ÇüŹ߻ý ¹× À¯Áö¸¦ Á¶ÀýÇϴµ¥ Áß¿äÇϸç, Msx À¯ÀüÀÚµéÀº °ÅÀÇ À¯»çÇÑ ¹ßÇö¾ç»óÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»°í ÀÖÀ¸³ª, À̵é À¯ÀüÀÚµéÀ» Á¶ÀýÇÏ´Â »óÀ§ siganling¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¼­·Î º¸¿ÏÀûÀ¸·Î ȤÀº µ¶¸³ÀûÀ¸·Î ±â´ÉÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»°í ÀÖÀ½À» ½Ã»çÇØ ÁÖ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
The development of calvarial bones is tighly co-ordinated with the growth of the brain and needs of harmonious interactions between different tissues within the calvarial sutures. Premature fusion of cranial sutures, known as craniosynostosis, presumably involves disturbance of these interactions. Mutations in the homeoboxcontaing gene Msx2 cause human craniosynostosis syndrome.
Msx genes, which are consist of Msxl, Msx2 and Msx3, are homeobox-containg transcripton factors, and were originally identified as homologue of Drosophila msh(muscle segment homeobox) gene.
Msxl and Msx2 genes, expressed mostly in overlapping patterns at multiple site of tissue interactions during vertebrate development, are associated with epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during organogenesis, targets of BMP and FGF signaling.
To elucidate the function of Msx genes in the early morphogenesis of mouse cranial suture, we analyzed the expression of them by in situ hybridization during embryonic(E15-E18) stage, and did vivo experiments in E15.5 mouse using rhBMP-2, rhFGF-2 protein soaked bead.
In the sagittal suture, Msxl was expressed in the mesenchyme of suture and the dura mater, Msx2 was in-tensely expressed in the sutural mesenchyme and the dura mater.
In the coronal suture both of Msx genes were expressed intensely in the sutural mesenchyme and expressed in the periosteum also. Msxl had a broader expression pattern than Msx2.
BMP2 beads induced expression of both Msxl and Msx2, FGF2 beads induced expression of Msxl, but not Msx2.
Taken together, these data suggest that Msxl and Msx2 genes have important role in regulating the morphogenesis and maintenance of embryonic cranial suture. Both of Msx genes are expressed similarly but because of their upstream signaling, they function dependently or cooperatively according to change of signaling molecule.

Å°¿öµå

Msx1;Msx2;°ü»óµÎ°³ºÀÇÕºÎ;½Ã»óµÎ°³ºÀÇÕºÎ;Craniosynostosis;Msx1;Msx2;Coronal suture;Sagittal suture;Craniosynostosis

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